Abstract
The origins and role of the concepts of peaceful coexistence and active defense in Chinese foreign policy are investigated and applied to China’s policy toward the Diaoyu/Senkakus. The dominant moderate conceptual strategic thinking encourages Beijing to aim for the establishment of a modus vivendi with Washington and Tokyo that involves a de facto presence of China alongside both the US and Japan. However, Beijing’s signaling is complicated by radical voices that undercut coexistence.
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