Abstract
We test for convergence in energy consumption per capita among the ASEAN-5 over the period 1971 to 2011 using the univariate and panel KPSS stationarity test with, and without, structural breaks and the univariate and panel lagrange multiplier (LM) unit root test with, and without, structural breaks. There is mixed evidence of convergence with the univariate tests with breaks, depending on whether the null is specified as stationarity or a unit root. The results for the panel stationarity and unit root tests with structural breaks find support for energy convergence in the ASEAN-5.
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