Abstract: Does the scale of China’s presence, interests and activities in Antarctica mean Australia should rethink its approach to the continent? Anne-Marie Brady thinks so. Indeed, she contends there a several reasons why, including that China 1) is rapidly expanding its presence in Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT); 2) has conducted undeclared military activities there; 3) is building a case for a territorial claim; and 4) is engaging in minerals exploration on the continent.