Abstract
Vietnam’s perception of China is nuanced and complex, a mixture of challenge and opportunity. Given its geographic proximity and overwhelming power, China represents a permanent strategic challenge Vietnam cannot escape. However, the two countries are partners in the defence of socialist ideals and communist rule. These circumstances have clearly shaped Vietnam’s China policy, which is a mixture of cooperation and struggle. Vietnam’s strategy is not about confronting China directly but finding a way to live with and benefit from its power.
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